[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tMenu\n\t\t\t\n\tAttorneys\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tAdam\n\t\t\t\tH.\n\t\t\t\tGates \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\tMember\n\t\t\t
\n\t
Jackson

\n\t

T: 601.965.1804

F: 601.965.1901

agates@watkinseager.com\n\t
\n\t\t
vCard

Print PDF
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
Adam counsels and defends employers, including manufacturers, health care facilities, food processing plants, energy utilities, and trucking companies. He helps his clients work through challenging management issues and provides options that allow them to accomplish their goals while minimizing exposure. He also defends them against charges filed with the EEOC and Department of Labor, regularly conducts internal investigations, drafts employment agreements, enforces restrictive covenants, and handles disputes in litigation and arbitration.
\n
In addition, Adam has defended manufacturers, food processors and waste management companies in collective actions brought under the Fair Labor Standards Act in which plaintiffs claimed they were owed compensation for unpaid overtime, meal and rest breaks, travel to their work sites, and donning & doffing clothing and protective gear.
\n
He has extensive experience in employment-based class and collective action matters. In the course of representing one of Mississippi's largest manufacturers, Adam helped defend the company in an employment discrimination class action that was severed into 80 individual cases. He played an extensive role in arbitrating more than 60 of them, presenting numerous opening and closing arguments, and examining hundreds of witnesses.
\n
Adam also has experience with general commercial litigation, including contract disputes, premises liability claims and litigation involving former executives.
\n
Representative Matters
\n
\n
Prevailed in arbitration on behalf of a health care system against claims by a former executive who alleged the health care system breached his employment agreement by terminating him after he claimed he had experienced a diminution of authority, duty, or responsibility following a change of control transaction.
\n
Won summary judgment for skilled nursing home on claims made by former Director of Nursing who alleged pregnancy discrimination and violation of her FMLA rights.
\n
Defended national construction company in a qui tam action filed by a union alleging that the defendants had underpaid workers and defrauded the United States government. After winning dismissal of all claims but one and uncovering that, despite the involvement of federal agencies, there were no federal funds involved in the underlying project, the relator and United States agreed to settle the claim for a small fraction of the amount the relator alleged was in dispute.
\n
Won summary judgment for large manufacturing client against claims by three African-American employees that they were terminated because of their race.
\n
Conducted numerous internal investigations for energy utility that involved considerations of federal regulations, including Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations.
\n
Won summary judgment for large manufacturing client against claims by former African-American member of management who alleged racial discrimination, racial harassment, and retaliation.
\n
Prevailed on summary judgment for skilled nursing home on claims made by former nurse's aide who alleged she had been assigned harder work because of her race and retaliated against for complaining about it.
\n
Won summary judgment for large manufacturing client on claims of racial discrimination and retaliation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The plaintiff alleged that she had been paid less and treated differently because of her race and gender.
\n
Defended a poultry processor against race, national origin and gender discrimination, retaliation, and harassment claims brought by 11 individual plaintiffs and a pattern and practice claim brought by the EEOC seeking to recover equitable relief, compensatory damages, and punitive damages on behalf of more than 100 class members that ultimately resulted in a favorable settlement for the client.
\n
Represented national restaurant chain against allegations that locations across Mississippi and Alabama did not comply with Title III of the Americans with Disabilities Act and resolved the claims by correcting the limited violations but not paying any compensatory damages and only limited attorneys' fees.
\n
Defended petroleum-industry client against claims by former employee that he was paid less and treated differently because of his race and gender, and that he was terminated for the same reasons. After uncovering numerous instances of dishonest and fraudulent behavior, the case settled for about two percent of the plaintiff's demand.
\n
Obtained agreement from plaintiff who alleged sexual harassment by manager to voluntarily dismiss our client, a national restaurant chain, from suit against it and its franchisee.
\n
Represented defendant poultry processor in a wage and hour collective action involving workers who claimed that they should be paid for time spent donning and doffing various gear, walking to and from the work station, and washing themselves and their gear. The case involved more than 1,800 claimants in the original class and more than 500 claimants in an additional class. After extensive discovery, the case was successfully settled during a two-day mediation.
\n
Defending large manufacturing client against lawsuits alleging violation of a state statute prohibiting firearms in the employer's parking lots, which is a developing area of state law.
\n
Defending timber company against claims that on-site drivers were not properly compensated under the FLSA.
\n

Honors & Recognitions

\n
The Best Lawyers in AmericaÂ® in the areas of Litigation - Labor and Employment and Employment Law - Management (2021-26)
\n
Chambers USA: America's Leading Business Lawyers as a leading labor & employment lawyer in Mississippi (2020-2022; 2025)
\n
Mid-South Super Lawyers, Mid-South Rising StarÂ (2014 â€“ 2021)
\n
Mississippi Bar's Leadership Forum, Class of 2015
\n
2014 International Association of Defense Counsel Trial Academy, Stanford University
\n

Community & Professional

\n
American Bar Association, Member
\n
Mississippi Bar Association, Member
\n
Louisiana Bar Association, Member
\n
The Capital Area Bar Association, Member
\n
Jackson Young Lawyers Association, Member
\n
DRI, Member
\n
Articles Editor, Mississippi College Law Review (2005 â€“ 2006)
\n
Mississippi College Law Review Best Case Note Award, 2005
\n
Mississippi College Moot Court Board
\n
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
Articles & Publications
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n
\"DOL Releases New FFCRA Child Care Guidance\" (August 2020)
\n
\"Three Key Takeaways for Health Care Employers from April 14, 2020 CDC Guidance\" (April 16, 2020)
\n
\"COVID-19 FAQ For Long Term Care Employers\" (March 13, 2020)
\n
\"Shaping the Workforce: Emerging Trends for Long Term Care Employers\" (April 2019)
\n
\"Three Challenges Facing HR Pros in Health Care and Beyond\" (November 2018)
\n
\"Ten Simple Steps to Avoid Employment Lawsuits\" (February 2018)
\n
\"Baby, It's Cold Outside\" (January 2018)
\n
\"10 Simple Steps to Avoid Employment Lawsuits,\" Legal Briefs, Mississippi Manufacturers Association (September 2017)
\n
\"Hang On, the Overtime Roller Coaster is Taking Another Turn\" (July 2017)
\n
\"Is the 8 and 80 Overtime Exception for Hospitals and Health Care Providers the Right Fit for Your Company?,\" Health Law Alert (May 2017)
\n
\"Federal Appeals Court Rules that Title VII Protects Employees from Sexual Orientation Discrimination\" (April 2017)
\n
\"Accommodating Mental Health Conditions â€“ The EEOC's Latest Guidance and Some Practical Tips for Complying with the ADA\" (February 2017)
\n
\"2016 Christmas Party Post Mortem\" (December 2016)
\n
\"Health Care Employers Heads Up: What You Need to Know About Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act\" (September 2016)
\n
\"EEOC Does Its Best to Make Complaining Employees Untouchable with New Enforcement Guidance on Retaliation\" (March 2016)
\n
\"Help with HIPAA!\" (March 2016)
\n
\"Medical Malpractice Act Cap Withstands a (Particularly Heart-Wrenching) Constitutional Challenge,\" The Bulletin, Shreveport Medical Society, Volume 63, Number 4 (April 2012)
\n
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
Presentations

Webinars
\n
\n
Q&A Session: Return to Work and Work Continuity Planning (June 2020)
\n
Develop a Well-Rounded Return to Work Plan (May 2020)
\n
Coronavirus in Long Term Care: Overview of FAQ for Employers (March 18, 2020)
\n
Navigating New Wage and Hour Issues for the Long Term Care Workforce (July 2019)
\n
The ADA and Telecommuting: Creative Approaches to Reasonable Accommodation (May 2019)
\n
What Worries a Chief HR Officer? The Same Issues that Worry You (November 2018)
\n
\"Tips on How to 86 Wage & Hour Violations in Your Restaurants,\" webinar (September 2018)
\n
\n
Speaking Engagements
\n
\n
\"Ten Simple Steps to Avoid an Employment Lawsuit\" (November 2017)
\n
\"Trends, Tips and Tactics for Accommodating the Disabled\" (March 2017)
\n
\"FLSA Workshop: What You Need to Know & How to Prepare for the New Overtime Regulations,\" Mississippi Manufacturers Association, Jackson, Mississippi (March 2016)
\n
\"It's a Thin Line Between Love and EEOC Charges (Jackson)\" (February 2016)
\n
\"10 Ways Your Business May Be Breaking Employment Laws (Jackson)\" (January 2016)
\n
\"National Labor Relations Board's Expanding Agenda,\" Employment Law Beyond the Basics, Sterling Education Services (January 2014)
\n
\"Fair Labor Standards Act,\" Lorman Education Services, Inc. (October 2012)
\n
\"Employment Law Beyond the Basics, Privacy and Social Media in the Workplace\" (September 2012)
\n
\"Louisiana Workers' Compensation Update,\" Workers Compensation Retaliation, Lorman Education Services, Inc. (August 2012)
\n
\n\t\t\t
Practice Areas
\n
\n
Corporate<button></button>

Business and Corporate

Employment and Labor<button></button>

Employment and Labor Litigation

Labor Management Relations

Litigation<button></button>

Commercial Litigation

\n\t\t\t
Education
\n
Juris Doctor: Mississippi College School of Law, 2006, magna cum laude
\n
Bachelor's Degree: Louisiana Tech University, 2003, cum laude

Admissions

Mississippi, 2006
\n
Louisiana,Â 2012
\n
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, 2006
\n
U.S. District Courts for the Northern and Southern Districts of Mississippi, 2006
\n
U.S. District Courts for the Eastern, Middle and Western Districts of Louisiana, 2012

\n","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array. Do not include prior locations that may be mentioned as where the attorney may have worked in the past.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract and combine all sections that provide a narrative overview of the attorney\u2019s biography and general work experience. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or omit information. Include the Biography/Bio section(s) and also include any Experience section that contains narrative descriptions of work (including sections structured as practice-area headings followed by descriptive paragraphs, e.g., \"Aging Services\" + paragraph text, \"Dental\" + paragraph text, etc.). Preserve headings and the order of content as it appears; you may convert embedded highlights into bullet points only if it helps preserve (not reduce) the information. EXCLUDE: any section (or subsection) that exclusively lists specific representative matters / representative experience items (typically a list of discrete matters, case captions like \"X v. Y\", deal/transaction bullet points, dated entries, courts/dockets, or similar itemized matter lists). If an Experience (or other) section contains BOTH narrative description AND a separate list of specific matters, include the narrative paragraphs/headings but omit the itemized matter list. Return the combined narrative text only. If no narrative bio or general-experience narrative exists, return an empty string.',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts, transactions, or deals) that are listed as well any available descriptions of them, in both specified lists of representative matters, experience, and work highlights, as well as in the biographical text and list of news articles. If news articles for this attorney identify cases or transactions that can be inferred to be the work product of this attorney, include those matters as well. List the representative matters and their available descriptions as an array. Only pull from the text and do not paraphrase or make anything up. If no representative matters are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract all honors this attorney received in or during law school. You must review all education and credentials sections that list their law degree AND ALSO the narrative bio, as well as all other sectiosn. These honors include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court awards; trial advocacy awards; best oralis; brief-writing honors or other writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. This is probably the institution from where they received a bachelors degree. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array, with the attorney's role if available. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney's clients that are explicitly NAMED in the source code. You MUST review EVERY section (including explicit client lists, narrative biography, representative matters, experience, and news articles/titles) and then MERGE the results; do not stop after finding clients in any one section. If a list of representative matters or experience is present, extract NAMED clients from this list, and ignore any clients who are described in the list but who are not explicitly named in the list. Only include a client from the list of representative matters/experience or any other section if its name appears verbatim in the list and if the list clearly identifies the client as a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). As an overarching rule, if the client is not identified by a proper name, do not include it. When pulling clients from lists of representative matters/experience and news articles, include clients which are named and which are implied to be represented by this attorney, their team or firm, and exclude parties adverse to such clients, opposing such clients, or on the other side of a case, deal or transaction from such clients. For example, if the representative matter/experience or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a litigation case is listed, do not assume that the lawyer represented the plaintiff. Use context or other language in the text to determine which party was represented by the attorney. If a matter lists the government as one party, assume the attorney represented the other named party and include that party if it is specifically named and not anonymous. As another example, if the representative matter/experience is a litigation case, and it is written that the attorney represented the defense (or \"defended\" his client), extract the defendant named in the case title. List all named clients as a deduplicated array of NAMES copied directly from the source text. Omit unnamed parties and anonymous parties and never guess identities. If no named clients are explicitly named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source code (especially, but not exclusively, under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. If a description of the work is provided, include that. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections. This includes all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). This also includes any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to involve the attorney (for example, by being listed in a section on their profile for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Also include the publication, event/program, and date after the title if these are available. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable and NAMED party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). You MUST pull from all sections in the source code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Only include an adverse party if its name appears verbatim in the source code and clearly identifies a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). If the text does not contain the adverse party's name, do not include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Check all sections of the source code. Include all bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}


[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"\t\t\t\t\n\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
Neal H. Lewis
\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
Partner
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tPractice Areas\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
e-Discovery\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
General Tort, Insurance, and Product Liability Defense\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Health Regulatory Boards\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Medical Malpractice â€” Long-Term Care/Assisted Living Facility\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Medical Malpractice Defense\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Workers' Compensation\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
Contact Details
\n\t\t\t\t\t
 (423) 794-4000
\n\t\t\t\t\t
 nlewis@hancockdaniel.com
\n\t\t\t\t\t
 vCard
\n\t\t\t\t\t
 208 Sunset Drive
\nSuite 354
\nJohnson City, TN 37604
\n\t\t\t
\n\t
\n\t Back\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\n\t\t Back\t\t
\n\t\t\tNeal H. Lewis\t\t\t\n\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\tPosted by <time>June 17, 2015</time> by by steve\t\t
\n\t\n\t\t
Keeping up with ongoing changes in medicine, legislation and information technology is a constant and necessary effort for providers in order to manage risk and meet business objectives. For years, Neal Lewis has served as their trusted advocate in a variety of legal, medical and liability issues.
\n
â€œMy experience allows me to provide prompt assessment of risk management issues and malpractice cases,â€� Neal says. â€œI not only stay abreast of the most recent developments in medicine and healthcare regulations that affect providers, I also apply my interest and years of practical experience in the IT industry to handle requests for electronic information. It makes navigating challenges associated with technology easier.â€� Thatâ€™s good news for providers who also understand how the use of EHRs and electronic communication has created new challenges for healthcare litigation.
\n
ACADEMIC CREDENTIALS
\n
University of Houston Honors College, B.A.
\nUnited States Naval Nuclear Power School
\nUniversity of Richmond School of Law, J.D.
\n
ADMITTED TO PRACTICE
\n
North Carolina
\nTennessee
\nVirginia
\n
 Full Bio
\n                    \n                    \n                    \n
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array. Do not include prior locations that may be mentioned as where the attorney may have worked in the past.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract and combine all sections that provide a narrative overview of the attorney\u2019s biography and general work experience. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or omit information. Include the Biography/Bio section(s) and also include any Experience section that contains narrative descriptions of work (including sections structured as practice-area headings followed by descriptive paragraphs, e.g., \"Aging Services\" + paragraph text, \"Dental\" + paragraph text, etc.). Preserve headings and the order of content as it appears; you may convert embedded highlights into bullet points only if it helps preserve (not reduce) the information. EXCLUDE: any section (or subsection) that exclusively lists specific representative matters / representative experience items (typically a list of discrete matters, case captions like \"X v. Y\", deal/transaction bullet points, dated entries, courts/dockets, or similar itemized matter lists). If an Experience (or other) section contains BOTH narrative description AND a separate list of specific matters, include the narrative paragraphs/headings but omit the itemized matter list. Return the combined narrative text only. If no narrative bio or general-experience narrative exists, return an empty string.',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts, transactions, or deals) that are listed as well any available descriptions of them, in both specified lists of representative matters, experience, and work highlights, as well as in the biographical text and list of news articles. If news articles for this attorney identify cases or transactions that can be inferred to be the work product of this attorney, include those matters as well. List the representative matters and their available descriptions as an array. Only pull from the text and do not paraphrase or make anything up. If no representative matters are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract all honors this attorney received in or during law school. You must review all education and credentials sections that list their law degree AND ALSO the narrative bio, as well as all other sectiosn. These honors include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court awards; trial advocacy awards; best oralis; brief-writing honors or other writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. This is probably the institution from where they received a bachelors degree. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array, with the attorney's role if available. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney's clients that are explicitly NAMED in the source code. You MUST review EVERY section (including explicit client lists, narrative biography, representative matters, experience, and news articles/titles) and then MERGE the results; do not stop after finding clients in any one section. If a list of representative matters or experience is present, extract NAMED clients from this list, and ignore any clients who are described in the list but who are not explicitly named in the list. Only include a client from the list of representative matters/experience or any other section if its name appears verbatim in the list and if the list clearly identifies the client as a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). As an overarching rule, if the client is not identified by a proper name, do not include it. When pulling clients from lists of representative matters/experience and news articles, include clients which are named and which are implied to be represented by this attorney, their team or firm, and exclude parties adverse to such clients, opposing such clients, or on the other side of a case, deal or transaction from such clients. For example, if the representative matter/experience or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a litigation case is listed, do not assume that the lawyer represented the plaintiff. Use context or other language in the text to determine which party was represented by the attorney. If a matter lists the government as one party, assume the attorney represented the other named party and include that party if it is specifically named and not anonymous. As another example, if the representative matter/experience is a litigation case, and it is written that the attorney represented the defense (or \"defended\" his client), extract the defendant named in the case title. List all named clients as a deduplicated array of NAMES copied directly from the source text. Omit unnamed parties and anonymous parties and never guess identities. If no named clients are explicitly named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source code (especially, but not exclusively, under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. If a description of the work is provided, include that. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections. This includes all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). This also includes any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to involve the attorney (for example, by being listed in a section on their profile for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Also include the publication, event/program, and date after the title if these are available. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable and NAMED party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). You MUST pull from all sections in the source code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Only include an adverse party if its name appears verbatim in the source code and clearly identifies a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). If the text does not contain the adverse party's name, do not include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Check all sections of the source code. Include all bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}


[System] Extract the following details from the provided HTML source code. Return only a valid JSON object. Do not include any other text.

[User]
{"html":"\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\tMenu\n\t\t\t\n\tAttorneys\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\tPaul\n\t\t\t\tS.\n\t\t\t\tLeonard \n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\tCounsel\n\t\t\t
\n\t
Birmingham

\n\t

T: 205.598.2116

pleonard@watkinseager.com\n\t
\n\t\t
vCard

Print PDF
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t
 Â  Â  Â  Â Paulâ€™s practice focuses on representing business organizations, individuals, estates and trusts, and tax-exempt entities, with a strong emphasis on federal and state tax planning. Paul advises clients on the formation of specialized pass-through entities, particularly for real estate and investment purposes, and represents developers in projects utilizing federal and state tax credits. His experience also includes individual estate planning and estate and trust administration.
\n
Â  Â  Â  Â  Â In addition, Paul counsels clients on a wide range of general business matters, including corporate planning, succession strategies, and compliance with SEC reporting requirements under the Securities Acts of 1933 and 1934.
\n
Â  Â  Â  Â  Â Paul also has extensive experience representing governmental entities and developers in matters involving revenue bonds, tax increment financing (TIF) districts, and historic tax credits. His work includes establishing TIF districts, advising stakeholders within those districts, and assisting with bond issuance.
\n
Â  Â  Â  Â  Â Paul was admitted to the Alabama State Bar in 1987 and is authorized to practice before all state courts in Alabama as well as the United States Tax Court.

Honors & Recognitions

\n
M. Leigh Harrison Award (Top 5% of graduating class) University of Alabama School of Law.
\n
Order of the Coif, University of Alabama School of Law.
\n
AV Preeminent Rated by Martindale Hubble.
\n
The Best Lawyers in America (2020-2026, Taxation).
\n
\n\t\t\t
Practice Areas
\n
\n
Corporate<button></button>

Closely Held Businesses, Partnerships and Joint Ventures

Corporate Finance

Corporate Governance

Mergers & Acquisitions

Transactions and Licensing

Estate Planning and Administration<button></button>

Business Succession and Legacy Planning

Estate Planning

Probate, Trusts and Estates

Governmental Relations<button></button>

Economic Development and Governmental Incentives

Real Estate<button></button>

Commercial Real Estate

Tax Credits

Taxation<button></button>

Business/Corporate Taxation

Estate, Gift and Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes

Individual Taxation

State and Local Taxation (SALT)

Tax Controversy

Tax Exempt Organizations

Transactional Tax Planning

\n\t\t\t
Education
\n
Master of Laws in Taxation (LLM):Â University of Florida School of Law, 1988.
\n
Juris Doctor (JD): University of Alabama School of Law, top 5%, 1987.
\n
Bachelor's Degree:Â Bachelor of Science, Accounting, University of Alabama, summa cum laude, 1984.
\n","instructions":["'first_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s first name.',\r\n'middle_name' => 'Extract only the attorney\\'s middle name or middle initial, as it is presented. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'surname' => 'Extract the attorney\u2019s last name or family name',\r\n'email' => 'Extract a valid email address for the profiled attorney. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'title' => 'Extract the profiled attorney\\'s job title. Ensure it is properly capitalized.The attorney can have multiple titles, in which case list them all as an array. If no title is found, return an empty array.',\r\n'location' => 'Extract the office name or city name in which this attorney works, as it is listed. The attorney may work out of two offices, in which case both should be listed. List them as an array. Do not include prior locations that may be mentioned as where the attorney may have worked in the past.',\r\n'direct_phone_no_1' => 'Extract the direct office phone number listed for this attorney. If multiple phone numbers are listed, select the one that is their direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number. If the attorney works out of two offices and has a direct line for each office, list the first here. If a direct line is unavailable, but a main or central office number is listed with an extension, list that number followed by EXT and the extension number',\r\n'direct_phone_no_2' => 'Extract the second direct office phone number listed for this attorney, if it exists. If multiple direct phone numbers are listed because the attorney works out of two office, select the second number \u2013 not the one listed in the prior item. Select only a number that is the attorney\u2019s direct line, not the main or central office number, nor a fax number.',\r\n'image_url' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s image file',\r\n'linkedIn' => 'Extract the URL for the attorney\u2019s LinkedIn profile, if it is listed. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'narrative_description' => 'Extract and combine all sections that provide a narrative overview of the attorney\u2019s biography and general work experience. Do not paraphrase, summarize, or omit information. Include the Biography/Bio section(s) and also include any Experience section that contains narrative descriptions of work (including sections structured as practice-area headings followed by descriptive paragraphs, e.g., \"Aging Services\" + paragraph text, \"Dental\" + paragraph text, etc.). Preserve headings and the order of content as it appears; you may convert embedded highlights into bullet points only if it helps preserve (not reduce) the information. EXCLUDE: any section (or subsection) that exclusively lists specific representative matters / representative experience items (typically a list of discrete matters, case captions like \"X v. Y\", deal/transaction bullet points, dated entries, courts/dockets, or similar itemized matter lists). If an Experience (or other) section contains BOTH narrative description AND a separate list of specific matters, include the narrative paragraphs/headings but omit the itemized matter list. Return the combined narrative text only. If no narrative bio or general-experience narrative exists, return an empty string.',\r\n'representative_matters' => 'Extract ALL representative matters (such as litigation cases, verdicts, transactions, or deals) that are listed as well any available descriptions of them, in both specified lists of representative matters, experience, and work highlights, as well as in the biographical text and list of news articles. If news articles for this attorney identify cases or transactions that can be inferred to be the work product of this attorney, include those matters as well. List the representative matters and their available descriptions as an array. Only pull from the text and do not paraphrase or make anything up. If no representative matters are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'news' => 'Extract news items ABOUT this attorney (not authored by them): e.g., firm/industry press releases, announcements, awards, rankings, deal/case results naming them, media coverage quoting or profiling them. List each item as \"Title (URL)\". If a \u201cNews\u201d section mixes authored content, include ONLY items that are clearly about the attorney or the firm, not implied to be authored by the attorney. Add base domain to relative links. Return an empty array [] if none.',\r\n'practice_areas' => 'Extract all the practice areas (aka departments, specialties, capabilities, services areas, areas of focus, etc.), if any, that are listed as ones that this attorney specializes in. Return them as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school' => 'Extract the law school attorney attended. This is for their primary law degree, usually a JD, LLB, or, in the absence of those, the earliest LLM listed or the institution where they received an undergraduate law degree. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which the attorney received their degree from the law school above (what year did they graduate?) If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'law_school_honors' => 'Extract all honors this attorney received in or during law school. You must review all education and credentials sections that list their law degree AND ALSO the narrative bio, as well as all other sectiosn. These honors include: latin honors (cum laude, summa cum laude, magna cum laude); school specific honors (e.g. James Kent Scholars at Columbia Law); regular honors designations (e.g. Dean\u2019s List, High Honors, etc.); Order of the Coif; course prizes (such as book awards, CALI Awards, American Jurisprudence Awards, or course awards); membership in phi kappa phi; scholarships and fellowships; moot court awards; trial advocacy awards; best oralis; brief-writing honors or other writing honors; pro bono or service distinctions; commencement prizes and medals; or other types of academic law school honors (but list them specifically - do not list them as \"other honors\". Return this entire extracted list of specific honors as an array. If no honors are found, return an empty array.',   \r\n'law_journals' =>' Extract any law reviews or law journals listed for the attorney's time in law school. Also list if the attorney had any titles in such law reviews or journals, like Articles Editor for example. Return this entire extracted list of law reviews and journals, and associated titles, as an array. If no law reviews or journals are found, return an empty array.'\r\n'undergraduate_school' => 'Extract the attorney\\'s undergraduate degree-granting school, college, university, or institution. This is probably the institution from where they received a bachelors degree. If their undergraduate degree was an LLB listed for their law school above, return an empty string. If no undergraduate schools are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_school_graduation_year' => 'Extract the year in which attorney received their undergraduate degree from the undergraduate school above. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'undergraduate_specialty' => 'Extract the specialties or majors that are listed for the undergraduate degree (e.g. economics, computer science, etc.) This does not include degree type, like B.S., Bachelor of Arts or Science degree, etc. List the specialties or majors as an array. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_school' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, Extract the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'PhD_subject' => 'If this attorney has a PhD, list the educational institution from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Masters_degree_school' => 'If this attorney has a masters degree, extract the educational institution from which they received it. But do not list schools from which the attorney received an LL.M. degree or a masters in law. If no masters degree schools are found, return an empty string. ',\r\n'Masters_degree_subject' => 'If the attorney has a masters degree, extract the subject or area of study of the masters. The subject area may be in the degree itself, such as an M.Div, which is a masters in Divinity. But do not include subjects for LL.M. degrees or masters in law degrees. DO NOT include honors or latin honors (e.g. cum laude, summa cum laude) in your answer. List subjects as array. If no masters degree subjects are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MBA_School' => 'If the attorney has a Masters in Business Administration, extract the name of the business school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'MD_school' => 'If the attorney has an MD (Doctor of Medicine) or DO (Doctor of Osteopathy) degree, extract the name of the medical school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'llm_in_tax_law_school' =>  'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, specializing in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Other_LLM_school' => 'If the attorney has an masters in laws (LLM) degree, but not one that specializes in tax, extract the name of the law school from which they received it. If not found, return an empty string.',\r\n'bar_and_court_admissions' => 'Extract EVERY explicit admission to practice (bar + court/agency) anywhere in the page. Include bar jurisdictions (states/provinces/territories/countries) and court/agency admissions (e.g., U.S. Supreme Court, Courts of Appeals with circuit, District/Bankruptcy/Tax/Federal Claims courts with district, USPTO, tribal/military/foreign courts). For UK attorneys, specify whether they are a solicitor, barrister, advocate, or any combination if available; for Canada, specify the province or territory; for Australia, specify the state or territory and whether they are admitted as a solicitor or barrister. Pull items under headings like \u201cAdmissions,\u201d \u201cBar Admissions,\u201d \u201cCourt Admissions,\u201d or similar, and treat each
 or clearly separated entry as one item. Do not infer from memberships/education. Exclude governments as parties, and strip years and dates. Output a deduplicated array of exact admission strings; if none, return []. ',\r\n'Clerkships' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, DO NOT include it in your answer. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Clerkships_with_judge' => 'Extract every judicial or court clerkship held by this attorney, regardless of where it appears in the biography (including in lists of prior employment or mixed professional experience). Treat any role containing the word \u201cclerk,\u201d \u201cclerkship,\u201d \u201cjudicial law clerk,\u201d \u201claw clerk,\u201d or similar as a clerkship. For each clerkship, return the name of the court as an array item; if the biography provides the judge\u2019s name, include it in parentheses after the court name, and if no judge is named, return only the court. Include clerkships in federal courts (including bankruptcy courts), state courts, appellate courts, supreme courts, magistrate judges, and any foreign courts. Do not skip clerkships that lack judge names or that appear in long court titles. If no clerkships are found, return an empty string.',\r\n'Memberships' => 'Extract any organizations the attorney a member of. List them as an array, with the attorney's role if available. If no memberships or organizations are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'clients' => 'Extract the attorney's clients that are explicitly NAMED in the source code. You MUST review EVERY section (including explicit client lists, narrative biography, representative matters, experience, and news articles/titles) and then MERGE the results; do not stop after finding clients in any one section. If a list of representative matters or experience is present, extract NAMED clients from this list, and ignore any clients who are described in the list but who are not explicitly named in the list. Only include a client from the list of representative matters/experience or any other section if its name appears verbatim in the list and if the list clearly identifies the client as a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). As an overarching rule, if the client is not identified by a proper name, do not include it. When pulling clients from lists of representative matters/experience and news articles, include clients which are named and which are implied to be represented by this attorney, their team or firm, and exclude parties adverse to such clients, opposing such clients, or on the other side of a case, deal or transaction from such clients. For example, if the representative matter/experience or news article's title mentions a lending transaction with both the lender and borrower, and the attorney or their team or firm represented the lender, do not list the borrower. If a litigation case is listed, do not assume that the lawyer represented the plaintiff. Use context or other language in the text to determine which party was represented by the attorney. If a matter lists the government as one party, assume the attorney represented the other named party and include that party if it is specifically named and not anonymous. As another example, if the representative matter/experience is a litigation case, and it is written that the attorney represented the defense (or \"defended\" his client), extract the defendant named in the case title. List all named clients as a deduplicated array of NAMES copied directly from the source text. Omit unnamed parties and anonymous parties and never guess identities. If no named clients are explicitly named anywhere in the source code, return an empty string.',\r\n'industries' => 'Extract ONLY industries/industry sectors or client-type categories explicitly named in the source code (especially, but not exclusively, under headings like \u201cIndustries,\u201d \u201cPractices & Industries,\u201d or in /industries/ links). Include items like \u201cSports,\u201d \u201cHealthcare & Life Sciences,\u201d \u201cTechnology,\u201d \u201cInfrastructure,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity,\u201d etc. EXCLUDE practice areas, services, or deal/matter types (e.g., \u201cMergers & Acquisitions,\u201d \u201cPrivate Equity M&A,\u201d \u201cacquisitions,\u201d \u201cinvestments,\u201d \u201cdivestitures,\u201d \u201cjoint ventures,\u201d \u201cfinancing,\u201d \u201crestructurings\u201d). Return a deduplicated array of industry/client-type names as written. If none are explicitly named, return empty array.',\r\n'languages' => 'Extract the languages in which the attorney is fluent. List them as an array.',\r\n'Accolades' => 'Extract any accolades, awards, or other special recognitions this attorney has received, such as rankings in Chambers guides (like Chambers & Partners, Chambers Gobal, or Chambers Asia-Pacific), the Legal500 list, and SuperLawyers, among others. The accolades should be specific to this attorney or their work, not generalized to their practice or their firm. List these accolades as an array. If no accolades are listed, return an empty string.',\r\n'pro_bono_activities' => 'Extract the attorney's pro bono, community service, and volunteer activities, as well as any non-profit, ngo, community service organizations the attorney may be involved with. If a description of the work is provided, include that. List them as an array',\r\n'thought_leadership' => 'Extract ALL professional thought leadership attributed to this attorney in their narrative bio and in all \"Insights,\" \"Publications,\" \"Events,\" and similar sections. This includes all items with their authorship/co-authorship/speaking/hosting credit/(byline \u201cauthor,\u201d \"co-author,\" \u201cpresenter,\u201d \u201cspeaker,\u201d \u201cpanelist,\u201d \u201cwebinar,\u201d \u201cpodcast,\u201d \u201cblog,\u201d \u201carticle,\u201d \u201cpublication,\u201d \u201cchapter,\u201d \u201cCLE,\u201d etc.). This also includes any items that do not include their byline or credit, but which are implied to involve the attorney (for example, by being listed in a section on their profile for \"Insights,\" \"Podcasts,\" \"Events,\" \"Media,\" \"Thought Leadership,\" \"Webinars, etc.). If a \u201cNews\u201d or \u201cInsights\u201d section mixes third party news ABOUT this attorney, include only items implied to the attorney as creator/presenter. List each as \"Title (URL)\" when a link is present, otherwise just the title. Add base domain to relative links. Also include the publication, event/program, and date after the title if these are available. Return [] if none.'\r\n'adverse_parties' => 'Review all the source code, including the narrative bio and list of representative matters, and list EVERY identifiable and NAMED party that is adverse to this attorney\u2019s clients: litigation opponents and transaction counterparties (buyer vs seller, lender vs borrower, landlord vs tenant, licensor vs licensee, insurer vs insured, issuer vs underwriter/investor, etc.). You MUST pull from all sections in the source code - explicit lists of clients, the narrative biography, listed representative matters, or in news articles listed for this attorney, or the titles thereof. In M&A, if the attorney represented the buyer/acquirer, DO NOT list the acquired target as adverse (since it becomes the client); instead list only the selling side (seller, stockholders, founders, or divesting company). If the attorney represented the seller/target, list the buyer/acquirer. Use cues like \u201cto/with/from/against,\u201d \u201csale to/by,\u201d \u201cacquisition from/by,\u201d \u201cmerger with,\u201d \u201cfinanced by/loan to/from/credit facility with.\u201d In the attorney represented the owner or owning entity of a subsidiary/portfolio company (for example in the case of a restructuring or lending transaction), DO NOT list the subsidiary/portfolio company as adverse; Do not list governments/agencies/courts. Only include an adverse party if its name appears verbatim in the source code and clearly identifies a real person, business, company, organization, or government entity. Do NOT include general descriptions, categories, roles, or descriptors that are not proper names (for example: \"Fortune 50 company\", \"medical billing company\", \"global bank\", \"mayoral candidate\", \"pharmacy\", \"trade association\", \"energy company\", or similar phrases). If the text does not contain the adverse party's name, do not include it. Output a deduplicated array of exact names; omit unnamed parties and never guess.'\r\n 'affinity_groups' => 'Extract ALL affinity/identity-based organizations the attorney is affiliated with on the page, even if under generic headings like \u201cAssociations,\u201d \u201cMemberships,\u201d \u201cAffiliations,\u201d \u201cCommunities,\u201d or \u201cOrganizations.\u201d Check all sections of the source code. Include all bar or professional association whose name signals an identity/affinity or civil-rights focus (e.g., words like Black/African-American/AAPI/Asian/South Asian/Pacific Islander/Hispanic/Latino/Native/Indigenous/LGBT/LGBTQ/Queer/Women/Gender/Disability/Veteran/Jewish/Muslim/Christian/Hindu/Sikh/Interfaith/Civil Rights/Minority/Diversity/Inclusion). Exclude purely general trade/professional groups without such identity focus. Return a deduplicated array of exact organization names; if none, return empty array.'"]}